000 一个公式秒懂考研长难句

主谓:            I will leave.        //leave不及物动词

主谓宾:          I love you.

主谓宾宾:        I give you a book.    //有些谓语动词需要跟2个宾语,句子才表达完整

主谓宾宾补:      Love makes you crazy. //宾补: 补充说明宾语的

主系表(主补):    I am a student.

1.John's father called him a dog.

                                                ∧

2.John's father gave him a dog.

                        ∧

                   加上 be, 语句不完整, 宾宾

约翰的爸爸 给他一条狗.    主谓双宾

3.I give you a book.

            ∧

       加上 are, 语句不完整, 双宾

4.Love makes you crazy.

                ∧

           加上 are, 语义完整, 宾补

1.介词短语 (做定语, 状语)

2.从句 (定从, 状从)

3.下节课讲

4.下节课讲

Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. //America 美洲

    Puma  /ˈpuːmə/    n. 美洲狮, 彪马（运动鞋品牌名）

    found             v. 创办，成立；建造，兴建；根据，以……为基础；熔铸，铸造,产于(一直都有美洲豹, 所以不能是发现, 是产于)

    America           美国, 美洲

    主干: Pumas are animals.

    加前置定语: Pumas are large, cat-like animals.

    加定从: ... which are found in America.

介词短语  (Of...)

At the end of adolescence, however,

    At引导介词短语, however和句子无关

the brain shuts down half of that capacity,

    所以这个是主语

preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.

____主语____; ________并列句___________.

; 分号 相当于 and, but, or.   后方相当于: 并列句

Progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social,

political and intellectual development of these and all other societies;

主句在上面2句中!

____主干____: _________同位语__________.

[48词] The researchers' argument stems from a simple observing about social influence:

前方是主干

____主干____——_________同位语__________.

[36词] Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda,

Nissan,

and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts——

下方是同位语

a result of the training that U.S workers received on the job.

________, _____插入语_____, _________.

________——_____插入语_____——_________.

2个逗号/破折号 中间是插入语(位置性概念), 可以是 定语/状语/同位语

Washington,    名词, 主语

overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.

英语依赖 动词形式的变化 来提现时态

You were, are, and will be my good friend.    你过去,现在,将来都是我的好朋友.

汉语依赖 时间状语 来提现时态(昨天,今天,明天)

is    do    did

doing    正在做, 不知道'过去/现在'正在做, ing只表示态, 不表示时

done     已完成, 同理

to do    将要做, 同理

Tom doing his homework. //这不是个句子

doing 不是谓语动词, ing只表示状态,  进行态

Tom is doing his homework.    //汤姆正在做作业.

Tom was doing his homework.    //

large    largely    done

have    in large part    done

be    largely    done

be    in large part    done

can be

can do

be able to do sth    //be able to 相当于can    => can do sth

be willing to do sth

[32词] The bodies playing major professional sports have dramatically changed over the years,

谓语动词: have changed, 中间副词是状语.

and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger,

longer frames.(2008-3)

并列句的谓语动词: 

1.I came into the woods.  2.I saw many birds.

间接: I came into the woods, I saw many birds.    连接错误!

句子中有2个谓语动词.

1.加并列连词:

I came into the woods and I saw many birds.    //一主一并

2.前面加'从属连词'降级成从句 + 主干

When I came into the woods, I saw many birds.

[31词] More recently,

while examining housing construction,    //while连接的是非谓语doing短语做状语, 不是句子. 不要这句

the researchers discovered that illiterate,

non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston,

Texas,

consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.

1个连词  =>  1个从句/并列句  =>  1个从句/并列句的 谓语动词

When I came into the woods, I saw many birds.(一主一从)

I came into the woods and I saw many birds.(一主一并)

Creating a"European identity" that respects

the different cultures and traditions which go to make

up the conneeting fabric of the Old Continent is no

easy task and demands a strategic choice.

go to     前方有连词which

is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.

谓语动词:

is

makes    前方是从属连词which

[33词] Of all the changes that have taken place in

English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century,

Of引导介词短语

perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in

the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.

主系表, 表语对主语进行补充. decline下降, 主语far-reaching下降了

time: 01:47:50

In his book The Tipping Point,    //In介词短语

Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,

    => 上方是主干, 谓语动词: argues, are driven, 连词that, 主谓+宾从

often called influentials,     //2个句号中间的插入语

who are unusually informed,    //从句不看

persuasive, or well-connected.

Progress in both area is undoubtedly necessary for the social,    //主句:Progress is necessary

political and intellectual development of these and all other societies:

分号后面不看↓

however,

the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.

1. I realized that what I said was not exactly what I meant to say.

2. The child who is raised in an environment where there are

many stimuli which develop capacity for appropriate responses

will experience greatly intellectual development.

谓语动词: is raised

连词: where

3. More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years,

according to Doug Fog.

chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits.