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7.核心篇: 名词性从句分析
本 节 重 点 ：
名 词 性 从 句 3 + 4
五 大 写 作 板 句
实质：句子作名词
三种句子充当四种成分
三种句子：陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句
四种成分：主从、宾从、表从、同从
因为主语, 宾语, 表语, 同位语, 都是名词, 所以 4种从句都是名词性从句.
从句: 从属的, 非主要的, 作补充 助攻.
主语,宾语,表语,同位语后面 + 从属连词(that, wh-) + 从句(从句也是一个完整的句子).
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1. 陈述句
That + 陈述句, wh- + 疑问句
Tangible is cool.
主系表 => 转变成从句: That Tangible is cool.
可将上方从句带入下方句子中, 替换掉it.
a. It is a truth. It作主语, 主从 => That Tangible is cool is a truth.
b. I know it. it作宾语, 宾从 => I know that Tangible is cool.
c. The truth is it. it作表语, 表从 => The truth is that Tangible is cool.
d. The truth it is important. it作同位语, 同位从 => The truth that Tangible is cool is important.
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2. 一般疑问句 (非Wh- 开头, Yes/ No)
Is Tangible cool?
一般疑问句 => 转变成疑问从句(加从属连词 wh- + 陈述句): Whether Tangible is cool?
可将上方从句带入下方句子中, 替换掉it.
a. It is a question. It作主语, 主从 => Whether Tangible is cool is a question.
b. I know it. it作宾语, 宾从 => I know whether Tangible is cool.
c. The question is it. it作表语, 表从 => The question is whether Tangible is cool.
d. The question it is important. it作同位语, 同位从 => The question whether Tangible is cool is important.
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3. 特殊疑问句 (Wh-提问)
Who is Tangible?
特殊疑问句 => 转变成从属句子: Who Tangible is
a. It is a question. It作主语, 主从 => Who Tangible is is a question. //2个is
b. I know it. it作宾语, 宾从 => I know who Tangible is.
c. The question is it. it作表语, 表从 => The question is who Tangible is.
d. The question it is important. it作同位语, 同位从 => The question who Tangible is is important.
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主语从句
That/ “6w” (who/ what/ where/ when/ whether/ which)… v1…v2
注意：
v1; v2不能是非谓语动词（doing/ to do/ done）
That Tangible is cool is true.
v1 v2 //v1是从句自己的谓语动词, v2是主句的谓语动词
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测试: 哪个是主语从句？判断依据: That, Wh- + 2个谓语动词
in the car 不能站起来:in, on the bus 能站起来:on, bird/apple on the tree 鸟站树上, 苹果长在树上(接触用on)
on the bike 自行车上能站起来
① That girl is too beautiful to be true.
That指那个, 不是从句标志词.
is谓语动词, be前方是to, to do不是谓语动词
=> 那个女孩太漂亮了，不可能是真的。
② That the plates move is now beyond dispute.
谓语动词: move, is, 从属连词That + move, is
plate /pleɪt/ n. 碟,盘子,板块；金属板；金属牌；感光底片 vt. 电镀；给…装甲
beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep. 在（或向）……较远的一边；超过，越过,超越；晚于，迟于 adv. 在另一边 n. 远处的事物；来世
beyond one's dream 超越了梦想, 做梦都想不到 (beyond = no)
dispute /dɪˈspjuːt; ˈdɪspjuːt/ n. 辩论,争议；争吵；意见不同 v. 辩论；对……进行质疑；争夺；抵抗（进攻）
主语: That the plates move + is
=> 板块移动 + 是现在超越了争议的.
=> 板块移动的观点现在是无可争议的。
③ What to do is not certain.
谓语动词: is, to do非谓语动词
What to do是主语, 这儿的What作副词, 不作连词
=> 要做的事, 还不明确.
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主语从句
注意：主语从句可以写成形式主语。
That Tangible is cool is a truth.
转换成形式主语=> It is a truth that Tangible is cool. //形式主语: 从句放在后方, 英语句子习惯, 避免头重脚轻(从句太长)
To meet you is my pleasure.
转换成形式主语=> It is my pleasure to meet you.
形式主语：It v/be … + that（wh-）…
It v/be … + to do…
翻译时将后面主语还原到前方
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It is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. (2014)
It is ... that ... 形式主语(在这儿不是强调句), that引导主语从句
谓语动词: is, 主系表
主语: It
谓语动词(从句): come to(come谓语动词 + to复合谓语), 主谓宾
主语(从句): the money and attention
翻译从句: => 金钱和注意力 come来 到科学 rather than而不是 去别处.
翻译主句: => 这当然是一个好事情.
=> 财力和经历投入科学而不是其它 当然是一件好事.
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★★★5大写作板句— 形式主语★★★
1. It is surely a good thing that the money/time and attention come to 主题词 rather than go elsewhere.
很重要的是：
It is important that... //不够高级
It is of utmost importance that...
utmost /ˈʌtməʊst/ adj. 极度的；最远的 n. 极限；最大可能
importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n. 价值；重要；重大；傲慢
It is part and parcel that... //这是不可缺少的一部分
parcel /ˈpɑːsl/ n. 包裹，小包 vt. 打包；捆扎
It is indispensable and inevitable that...
indispensable /ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl/ adj. 不可缺少的；绝对必要的；责无旁贷的 n. 不可缺少之物；必不可少的人
inevitable /ɪnˈevɪtəbl/ adj. 必然的，不可避免的
众所周知的是：
It is well known that...
It is generally known that...
generally /ˈdʒenrəli/ adv. 通常；普遍地，一般地
It is universally acknowledged that... //来自傲慢与偏见
universally /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəli/ adv. 普遍地；人人；到处
acknowledge /əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/ vt. 承认；答谢；告知已收到；搭理
毫无疑问的是：
It is no doubt that...
It is undoubted that...
undoubted /ʌnˈdaʊtɪd/ adj. 无疑的；确实的
It is undeniable that...
undeniable /ˌʌndɪˈnaɪəbl/ adj. 不可否认的；公认优秀的；无可争辩的
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宾语/表语/同位语 从句
…v1/ prep + (that可省略)/ 6w… v2
① I think hot hot hot is sensational. //我觉得麻辣烫太棒了
谓语动词: think, is
hot hot hot 麻辣烫
hot pot 火锅
sensational /senˈseɪʃənl/ adj. 轰动的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感动的
② We should find out what is going on.
out .prep + what = 宾语从句
③ I am afraid that I will be late.
v + that 系表结构, 宾语从句
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动词 + it 形式宾语 + 宾补+ that 宾语从句
I should also make it clear that the windmill never strays in search of the wind.
谓语动词: should also make
should 感官动词, 要连后方动词一起作谓语动词
主语: I
宾语: it clear
clear /klɪə(r)/ adj. 清楚的；清澈的；晴朗的 vt. 通过；清除；使干净 vi. 放晴；变清澈 adv. 清晰地 n. 清除；空隙
形容词一般不放句尾, 除非做补语.
这儿 chear 作补语, 修饰 it 主谓宾补
it 替代的是形式宾语, that引导宾语从句
windmill /ˈwɪndmɪl/ n. 风车；风车房；旋转玩具；直升飞机 vt. 使旋转 vi. 作风车般旋转
stray /streɪ/ v. 摇摆,迷路，走失，偏离；逃离，离题，走神；（眼睛或手悠闲地）移动；出轨，有外遇；游荡，徘徊
adj. 走失的，无主的；离群的，孤立的；偶现的，偶发的；（物理量）杂散的
n. 走失宠物，无主家畜；离群者，走散者；(strays) 天电干扰
=> 我应该确保 it 清楚.
=> 风车从不摇摆 在寻找风
=> 我应该清楚，风车从不跑去找风。 //有道
=> 我若盛开, 清风自来.