time: 00:20:35
写作全民测试:
1.陪伴班有一个女生有一颗善良的心.
三"有"
1.人/有生命, 拥有: have
2.无主句/无生命, 或时间地点开头: there be ...
There was 4 legs of desktop. 桌子有4条腿
There was 20 thousand students in school. 学校里有两万名学生。
There is a mountain once upon a time. 从前有一座山。 once upon a time 从前
3.伴随的有, with...
有一个菇凉, 她有一些任性...
A.PB class has a girl with a kind heart. //class无生命, 不能连接has
B.PB class has a girl who has a kind heart.
C.There is a girl in PB class, with a kind heart. √
D.There is a girl who has a kind heart in PB class. √
2.我的翻译写得很好.
我 -- 写
A.My translation is very good. √ is系动词, 主系表
B.My translation writes very well. //翻译不能作为主语
C.My translation is written very excellent. //孕妇法则, is written是be done语态. is written是动词, 应该由状语副词excellently修饰
D.I do my translation very well. √
3.今天吃食堂(canteen).
eat, vt:吃,喝 vi:进食
=> 主谓宾 => 主谓
A.Today, eat canteen. //没主语I, we...
B.Eat in canteen today.
C.I eat something in the canteen today. √主谓宾
D.I eat in the canteen today. √主谓
4.他们不可能成功.
不能跟人的adj: possible, impossible, easy, difficult, convenient方便, 这几个只能修饰物
the + adj: 一群人. the tough: 坚强的人, 勇者. the poor:穷人. the rich: 富人
A.They impossibly succeed. //主谓, 他们难以想象地成功了! impossibly adv. 不可能地；难以置信地；无法可想地
B.They unlikely succeed. //形容词不能放在主语后面. adj. 不太可能的；没希望的
C.It is impossible for them to succeed. √
D.They are impossible to succeed. //不能跟人的adj: possible, impossible, easy, difficult, convenient方便, 这几个只能修饰物
衍生: 大多数人难以坚持. (2019大作)
A. It is difficult for most people to persist. √ It is ... for sb to do sth.
B. It is unlikely for most people to persist. √
C. Most people are difficult to pesist. //difficult不能修饰人
D. Most people are unlikely to persist. √
When the going gets tough, the tough get going.
When引导时间状语从句 the going gets tough. 主干: the tough get going. 主谓结构
状语从句: When the going gets tough, gets是谓语动词, tough: /tʌf/ adj. 艰苦的，困难的. 形容词不能当宾语, 所以gets是系动词.
所以前方是 主系表 结构, 后方是 主谓 结构.
the + adj: 一群人. the tough: 坚强的人, 勇者. the poor:穷人. the rich: 富人
翻译: 当 前方 变得 困难时, 勇者 坚持下去. 艰难之路,唯勇者行.
5.我爱过.
love是 .vt 动词, 必须加宾语
A.I loved. // 没宾语
B.I loved you. √ 过去爱过, 现在不知道还爱不爱.
C.I have loved. // 没宾语
D.I used to love you. √ used to, 曾经爱, 现在一点都不爱. 和曾经相反!!!
time: 00:51:47
使用牛津大词典, 不要使用有道词典, 有毒.
我恨!
I hate! X hate是及物动词, 后面加上you等
黑子永远都在黑!
Haters always hate! X hate是及物动词, 后面加上you等
time: 00:55:00
写作底线: 守门员法则
1.守动词, 定谓语. (谓语与非谓语; 及物与不及物)
没有谓语动词: 加 "是", "有"
加动作
2.守名词, 定主干. (可数与不可数; 单数与复数)
3.守主谓一致.
许多孩子像温室的花朵。（03大作）
像: like prep. 像(在这儿不能当谓语动词) v. 喜欢；想；愿意；希望
没有谓语动词: 1.加 "是", "有":
2.加动作
许多孩子"是"温室的花朵. 主系表
Many children are like the flowers in the greenhouse. 加be动词are, 许多孩子像温室的花朵.
There was ... 有许多孩子...
许多孩子长得像/看起来像 温室的花朵. //自己加动作
枯藤老树昏鸦,
小桥流水人家,
古道西风瘦马,
有个 xxx 的地方, There be 结构.
昏鸦是站在枯藤老树上.
一只昏鸦 坐落/站 在了一个缠满枯藤的老树上.
枯藤老树昏鸦，
In twilight, a crow perched on an old tree which was twisted by a withered vine.
小桥流水人家，
A house stood beside a bridge crossing over a river.
古道西风瘦马，
A jaded horse was lingering along on the immemorial way, bearing the bitter west wind.
time: 01:04:10
我 过 过 过 儿 过 过 的 日 子。
当谓语动词很多的时候:
1.把句子变成非谓语
2.断句
3.加从句
time: 01:17:15
动词16种时态+3（还有语态[主动+被动], 情态[表示情感态度]）=19. 这个表不背, 背下方那个表!!!
态 时 | 一般态(do) | 进行态(doing) | 完成态(done) | 完成进行态 |
现在时(do) | study | am/is/are studying | have studied | have been studying |
过去时(did) | studied | was/were studying | had studied | had been studying |
将来时(will) | will study | will be studying | will have studied | will have been studying |
过去将来时 | would study | would be studying | would have studied | would have been studying |
动词6+1（考研版）, 背这个表!
三姨太(时态,语态,情态) | 标志词 | 谓语动词形式 (6+1) |
现在 | today, nowadays | do |
过去 | yesterday,... ago, in 1885 | did |
将来 | soon | will do/ be going to do/ be about to do |
进行 | at the moment, now | be doing |
完成 | so far, recently, yet, already, since in the last/past 10 days |
have/ had done |
被动 | by sth. | be done |
情态 | if... order/ suggest/ it is necessary/recommended | can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ need/ would/ should do have to do/ be able to do |
time: 01:23:20
2. 守名词，定主干 (可数与不可数；单数与复数)
年轻是资本。
Young is weath. X Young是形容词, 不能做主语
To be young //young 前方加上 be 动词, 构成一个整体. 前方再加上 To
Being young //Being 动名词(动词+ing变成名词) + young
Youth is weath.
贵在坚持。
词性一览表
1.主语和宾语一样. (能做主语的都能做宾语)
2.谓语只能是动词.
3.表语和宾语一样. (动词&副词 不能做表语和宾语)
| 主语 | 谓语 | 宾语 | 表语 | 宾(主)补足语 |
动词 |
| √ |
|
|
|
名词 | √ |
| √ | √ | √ |
代词 | √ |
| √ | √ | √ |
形容词 |
|
|
| √ | √ |
副词 |
|
|
|
|
|
数词 | √ |
| √ | √ | √ |
to do | √ |
| √ | √ | √ |
doing | √ |
| √ | √ | √ |
done |
|
|
| √ | √ |
介词短语 |
|
|
| √ | √ |
time: 01:27:40
3. 守主谓一致
1.主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语用？
单数: Time is money.
主语为可数名词复数，谓语用？
复数
2.主语为表时间、长度、钱概念的复数名词，谓语一般用？
单数: Ten thousand years is too long.
3.主语为单复同形的名词，谓语用？
按前方名词单/复判断: There is a fish/chinese/sheep.
4.主语包含 a number of/ a lot of；half; 1/4; all等修饰，谓语用？
按前方名词单/复决定
5.主语为集合名词，谓语用？
family,class,team,group. 如果是整体概念->单数.
如果是个体(我们家都在看电视,人在看电视)->复数
6.主语为and 连接两个名词，谓语用？
A and B, 复数.
但是A and B是一个整体的时候, 单数. 例:a profersior and star一个网红教授. 改革开放. 一个人是妈妈又是女儿的人
7.固定结构 There be；not only...but also...; either ...or...; neither...nor 谓语用？
就近原则. There is 白雪公主 and 7个小矮人. 白雪公主是一个人, 就近原则用is
8.主语含多个名词，谓语用？
A of B in C on D.(我爱你家猫的毛的颜色). 谓语动词用中心(例:颜色是单数)
翻译: 武汉大学生的人数在上升.(of介词前面的number是单数, rises第3人称单数)
The number of college students in wuhan university is rises.