time: 00:39:35
主系表
He is a good loser. //is是be动词. 他输的起. 他是个输的起的人.(人品好)
He主语 + is系动词 + good loser名词
*a necessary evil; //必要的,邪恶. 这是必要的, 虽然有些邪恶. 不可避免的灾祸.
a mixed blessing //混合的,祝福. 一个混合的祝福. 喜忧参半. 祸福兼具.
*the last victory //最后的,胜利. 最后的胜利.
an open book //公开,账户. 众所周知的事.
America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. //was是is的变形, be动词 美国的机床工业岌岌可危。
主语 + was系动词 + on...介词短语
Elizabeth looks handsome. //感官动词, 五官有关. 伊丽莎白(女)看起来很漂亮(handsome .adj英俊的,漂亮的).
主语 + looks系动词 + handsome形容词
The retreat from predominance proved painful. //终止动词, 系动词. 事实证明,从主导地位上撤退是痛苦的。
主语 + proved系动词 + painful形容词
time: 00:54:00
主系表
系动词角色:描述一种状态
系动词属性:
1.be动词 : am/are/is, was/were, have been(这个比较少)
2.感官 : sound听起来, look看, smell闻, feel感受, taste尝; appear看起开; seem似乎;
3.变化 : become; grow增长; turn; get; go
4.持续 : keep保持, staty呆着; remain保持
5.终止性等: proved证明; turn out to be结果是;原来是
time: 00:58:50
表语角色:主语补充
表语属性:
名词 .n :
形容词 .adj : (-al; -ary; -ble; -ed; -ful; -ic; -ive; -ous; -y)
介词 .prep :
主谓宾 vs 主系表
The newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique. //unique adj.唯一的,是形容词. 主系表
The chef is tasting the fish carefully. //tasting v.品尝 fish n.鱼 主谓宾
主谓宾 VS 主系表
宾/表 | 词性 | 角色 |
主谓宾 | 宾语有名词.n 不能是.adj | 宾语是谓语动词承受者(我爱你) |
主系表 | 表语可以是.n, .adj, .prep | 表语是主语的补充(我是老师) |
time: 01:03:55
主谓双宾
I will teach you a lesson. 我要给你一个教训。
I主语 + will teach谓语 + you名词,宾语(间宾) + a lesson名词,宾语(直宾,真正的宾语, 我will teach一堂课) = 主谓双宾
I will teach a lesson to you.
She told the children an interesting story. 她给孩子们讲了一个有趣的故事。
She主语 + told谓语动词 + the children(间宾) + an interesting story(直宾, 她told的是故事).
She told an interesting story to the children.
This fact can give us confidence. 这个事实可以给我们信心.
This fact主语 + can give谓语 + us(间宾) + confidence(直宾)
This fact can give confidence to us.
time: 01:07:45
主谓宾补
I made you happy. 我让你开心
I主语 + made谓语动词 + you名词,宾语 + happy开心.adj,让you开心,对you的补充, 补语
They elected him captain of the team. 他们选他为队长。
They主语 + elected谓语动词 + him宾语 + captain of the team名词短语,这个团队的队长,是对him的补充, 补语
Nursing at Huoshenshan hospital makes the best patient care possible. 火神山医院的护理使病人得到最好的护理成为可能。
Nursing at Huoshenshan hospital主语 + makes谓语动词 + the best patient care宾语 + possible补充"最好的护理"成为可能,补语.adj
I should advise you not to go out. 我劝你不要出去。
I主语 + should advice谓语 + you代词,宾语 + you not to go out,todo短语结构,补充you不要出门not to do sth..., 补语
宾补出现的场合
1.心理状态动词后:consider, think, believe, discover发现, find, imagine想象, judge判断, suppose假设,猜想, prove证明 等。
2.使役动词后:make使得, have有, leave离开
3.感官动词后:hear, feel, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe观察,注意到, smell闻
4.情感状态动词后:love, like, prefer更喜欢, hate憎恨,厌恶, want, wish, expect期望 等。
She will make him a good husband. 她使得他成为了好丈夫. make使得
She主语 + will make谓语 + him宾语 + a good husband对him的补充,补语 句型: 主谓宾补
She will make him a good wife. 她成为了他的好老婆. make成为,制造
She主语 + will make谓语 + him间宾 + a good wife好老婆,她will make的东西, 直宾 句型: 主谓双宾
转写: She will make a good wife for him.
time: 01:18:00
主谓双宾 VS 主谓宾补
| 词性 | 关系(加be动词) | 完整性 |
主谓双宾 | 宾语不能是adj. | 双宾的关系不对等 him不能对应good wife | 去掉间宾,句子仍然完整 |
主谓宾补 | 补语可以是adj. | 宾补的关系对等 him对应good husband | 去掉补语,句子不完整 |
time: 01:
练习:指出以下句型
1.We will get depressed easily. 我们很容易变得沮丧
depressed形容词, 所以不能是主谓宾, get系动词, 主系表
2.He got her a splendid present. 他给她买了一件极好的礼物。
主谓双宾
3.He got his shoes and socks wet. 他把鞋子和袜子弄湿了
wet形容词在最后, 所以不能当宾语, 主谓宾补
4.I haven't got far with the book. ★ 这本书我还没有读完。
far 在这儿是程度副词,adv.到很深的程度, 所有修饰的got是谓语动词, 主谓
I have't got主谓 + far修饰前方谓语动词 + with the book介词短语
5.Both children and adults get Christmas presents, although children usually get many more.
although是让步状语从句,不重要. 前方是主谓宾 孩子和大人都得到圣诞礼物,虽然孩子通常会得到更多。
6.Action speaks louder than words.★
louder副词, 主谓
7.He noticed a man enter the room.★ 他注意到一个男人进了房间。
noticed经常出现在补语中, 主谓宾补
8.I never feel overwhelmed. (2013英二翻译) 我从不感到不知所措(/困惑).
overwhelmed形容词, 主系表
9.Many people consider what really is possible impossible.★ 许多人认为真正可能的事情是不可能的。
consider机场出现在主谓宾补中, impossible形容词,构成补语. 主谓宾补
10.He was elected as the captain of the team.★★★ 他被选为这个队的队长。
He主语 + was elected谓语(被动语态) + 没有宾语 + as the captain of the team和He构成可对等性: 主谓 + 主补
time: 01:38:10
主补
被动语态中: 原宾语(没有了)成为主语, 原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语.
1.The water was kept boiling for ten minutes. 主谓 + 主补(下同) 水持续沸腾了十分钟
2.Everything was found in good order. 一起东西都被发现在一个很好的秩序中. 一切都井然有序
We found everything in good order.
3.Some goods are left unsold. 有些货物留了下来未售出
4.The boy was made to work hard 10 hours a day. 那男孩被迫每天努力工作10个小时
We made the boy (to) work 10 hours a day.
time: 01:44:23
写作全民测试:
1.陪伴班有一个女生有一颗善良的心.
A.PB class has a girl with a kind heart.
B.PB class has a girl who has a kind heart.
C.There is a girl in PB class, with a kind heart. √
D.There is a girl who has a kind heart in PB class. √
2.我的翻译写得很好.
A.My translation is very good. √
B.My translation writes very well.
C.My translation is written very excellent.
D.I do my translation very well. √
3.今天吃食堂(canteen).
A.Today, eat canteen.
B.Eat in canteen today.
C.I eat something in the canteen today. √
D.I eat in the canteen today. √
4.他们不可能成功.
A.They impossibly succeed.
B.They unlikely succeed.
C.It is impossible for them to succeed. √
D.They are impossible to succeed.
5.我爱过.
A.I loved.
B.I loved you. √
C.I have loved.
D.I used to love you. √
time: 02:03:00
课后作业: 考研语法入门篇练习(1).docx