七年级(初一)英语上册

一些句子没写下来, 以后有空再补充...

一些句子没写下来, 以后有空再补充...

an 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前
a 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前

示例单词	音标	说明
___ orange	/ˈɒrɪndʒ/	因为'ɒ'是元音, 所以用an, 即: an orange
___ hour	/ˈaʊə(r)/	'a'是元音, 所以用an, 即: an hour
___ map	/mæp/	'm'是辅音, 所以用a, 即: a map
___ university	/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/	'j'是辅音, 所以用a, 即: a university
___ big apple	/bɪɡ ˈæpl/	'b'是辅音, 所以用a, 即: a big apple
___ old ruler	/əʊld ˈruːlə(r)/	'ə'是元音, 所以用an, 即: an old ruler

1.表示某些 特定的人或事物
  Who is the boy under the tree?
  释义: 树下的那个男孩是谁?
  说明: the表示特指树下的那个男生.(不是坐在凳子上的男孩, 也不是正在睡觉那个男孩...)

  How much is the book?
  释义: 这本书多少钱?
  说明: the 特指某一本书

2.用于 重新提到的人或事物的前面
  This is a pen. The pen is green.
  释义: 这是一支钢笔. 这只钢笔是绿色的.
  说明: the '这只钢笔', 是指的前一句提到的那只钢笔, 后一句重新提到.

3.用于谈话双方都知道的人或事物前
  Where is the apple?
  释义: 那个苹果在哪儿?
  说明: the '那个苹果', 是指提问题的人和被问的人都知道的那个苹果.(比如小丽妈妈给小丽买了个苹果, 小丽问妈妈: 那个苹果在哪儿? 就是指双方都知道的那个苹果)

4.用于世界上第一无二的事务或方位名词前

示例	释义	说明
the moon	月亮	'月亮'独一无二, 所以前面加the.
the sun	太阳	'太阳'独一无二, 所以前面加the.
the east	东方	'东方'是方位, 所以前面加the.
the west	西方	'西方'是方位, 所以前面加the.

5.和play连用时, 用在乐器名词前

示例	释义	说明
play the piano	弹钢琴	'钢琴'是乐器, 所以play和piano之间加the.
play the guitar	弹吉他	'吉他'是乐器, 所以play和guitar之间加the.
play the erhu	拉二胡	'二胡'是中国乐器, 也要加the(人教版后来加了的).

6.和某些形容词(.adj)连用时, 表示一类人

示例	释义	说明
the poor	穷人	'poor'是形容词: '贫穷的', 加上the表示'穷人'这一类人.
the rich	富人	'rich'是形容词: '富有的', 加上the表示'富人'这一类人.
the old	老年人	'old'是形容词: '年老的'.
the young	年轻人	'young'是形容词: '年轻的'.

一些句子没写下来, 以后有空再补充...

1. What's your telephone number, Li Xin?
  It's 281-9176.
  李星, 你的电话是多少?
  电话是281-9176

  The telephone/phone is very nice.
  这部电话非常漂亮。

answer the phone	接电话
pick up the phone	拿起电话，接起电话
talk on the phone	在电话中交谈
hang up the phone	挂断电话

last name/family name/surname: 姓, 在英语中, "姓"是放在最后面的, 因此叫做 last name，也叫 family name，也叫 surname。
first name/given name: 名, 在英语中, "名"是放在最前面的, 因此叫做 first name，也叫 given name。
middle name: 姓名的中间那个单词, George Walker Bush 乔治·沃克·布什(小布什)中的Walker单词。
full name: 全名, 包括名+姓。

句子	释义	答案	说明
Jim Green, What's your first name?	金.格林, 你的名字是什么?	Jim	Jim Green外国人
Junkai Wang, What's your first name?	王俊凯, 你的名字是什么?	Junkai	王俊凯是中国人
Jim Green, What's your last name?	金.格林, 你的姓是什么?	Green	Jim Green外国人,姓放最后
Junkai Wang, What's your last name?	王俊凯, 你的姓是什么?	Wang	王俊凯是中国人

My friend is in China. 我的朋友在中国.
make friends 交朋友
Gina is my friend. 吉拉是我的朋友.
friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj. 亲切的，友善的；朋友（般）的

Chinese /ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/ n. 中文，汉语；中国人

Middle School n. 中学
No.1 Middle School 第一中学. 确定是某所中学, 所以首字母大写!!!
She sits in the middle. 她坐在中间.
She is a middle school student. 她是一个中学生. 没具体说是哪一所中学, 所以首字母不大写!!!

我的妈妈是一名中学老师.
My mother is a middle school teacher. 首字母小写
我的朋友在二中上学.
My friend is in No.2 Middle School. 首字母大写

人称	单/复	单词	释义
第一人称	单数	my	我的
	复数	our	我们的
第二人称	单数	your	你的
	复数	your	你们的
第三人称	单数	his	他的
		her	她的
		its	它的
	复数	their	他/她/它们的

形容词性物主代词, 相当于形容词,
在句子中只能作定语, 后面必须接名词.
This ms my bag. 这是我的包.
Is that her pen? 这是她的钢笔吗.

易错点:
1.受汉语影响, 用错代词.
例:
欢迎来到我家.
Welcome to I home.(错)
Welcome to my home.

这是她老师吗?
Is this she teacher?(错)
Is this her teacher?

2.不能和冠词 a, an, the 连用
例:
这是我的夹克衫.
This is my a jacket.(错)
This is my jacket.

那是他的学校吗?
Is that his a school?(错)
Is that his school?

Those are my parents. 那些是我的父母.
Tom and Daisy are my parents. Tom和Daisy是我的父母.

Jim's family is small. Jim的'家庭'很小.(小家庭)
Her family are all here. 他的'家人(家庭成员)'都在这儿.

一些句子没写下来, 以后有空再补充...

一些句子没写下来, 以后有空再补充...

指示或标识 人或事物 的代词

用法	单词	单词释义	例句
指时间or空间上较近的人or物	this	这些	This is my good friend Jane. 这是我的好朋友Jane.
	these	这些, 这些的(this 的复数)	These are my brothers. 这些是我的兄弟。
指时间or空间上较远的人or物	that	那，那个；那种	That's my grandfather. 那是我的祖父。
	those	那些(that 的复数)	Those are my parents. 那些是我的父母。

二. 疑问句及其答语
Is this/that your eraser?
Yes, this/that is. / No, this/that isn't. (错误)
Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
疑问句中出现 this/that 时, 答语中不要再出现This/That, 要用it.

Are these/those your teachers?
Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
答语中用 they 指代上句中出现的 these/those.

(泰安中考)
(打电话中...) Hello, Is that Kate speaking?
Yes, C .
A. it's Kate   B. I'm Kate
C. this is Kate   D. Kate is me
分析: 打电话中通常不用 A, B

pencil 铅笔
pencil box 铅笔盒
pencil sharpener 卷笔刀
pen 钢笔
eraser 橡皮
book 书
notebook 笔记本
dictionary 字典
schoolbag 书包

What about playing football? 踢足球怎么样?
about介词, 后方跟 动名词

What about the movie? 这个电影怎么样?

What is this movie about? 这部电影是关于什么的呢?

There are about 10 girls here. 这里大约有10个女生.

我喜欢上海的春天, 你呢?
翻译: I like the spring in shanghai. What about you?

Thank you for your pen.
Thanks for your pen.
Thank you for helping me.
Thanks for helping me.
介词for后面跟动词ing

help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事, to可省略
I help her (to) learn English.

help sb with sth. 帮助某人某事
I help him with his English.

Ask the teacher for it.
关于它，去问老师.
Ask...for... 请求, 要求, 询问

You can ask her for the pencil.
你可以向她要铅笔。
There is a boy asking for you.
有个男孩找你。

ask sb (not) to do sth 要求某人(不要)做某事
My teacher asks me to read English every day.
She asks us not to eat in class.
If you need, you can ask me for help.

It was time for class. Mr. King asked all children C down quietly.
A. sit   B. sat
C. to sit   D. sitting


Call me at 685-6034.
请打685-6034找我.
call sb at 电话号码
拨打...号码找某人

Call Kate please.
Please call Jim at 666-8888.

call sb
phone sb
call sb up
ring sb up
give sb a call/ring


Please call hotline  B 12345 for help if you have any problem.
A. under   B. at
C. as   D. in

I lost my school ID card.
s 我弄丢了我的学生卡.
lost /lɒst/ adj. 迷路的，迷失的；失去的，丢失的
     v. 遗失，丢失；失去；输掉（比赛、战斗、争论等）（lose 的过去式和过去分词形式）

I lost my book yesterday.
His little dog is lost.

I must find it.
must 情态动词, 后面跟动词原形!

I must do my homework.
You mustn't take photos here. 禁止你在这儿照相.

must 疑问句, must提前
Must I do my homework? 我必须做家庭作业吗?
Yes, you must. 是的, 你必须要做.
No, you need't. 否定回答不要用must't(禁止做作业), 要用need't
No, you don't have to.

I'm looking for my pencil, but can't find it.

Where's my schoolbag?
Where are my books?
Where + be + 主语?

Where are her parents?
Where is your pen?

It's on the desk.
desk n. 书桌，课桌, 办公桌   adj. 书桌的，桌上适合用的
table n. 桌子
at table 在桌边进餐/吃饭
at the table 在桌子旁边
table manners 餐桌礼仪


Come on, Jack! 杰克, 快点!
Come on! It's time for class.
He is shouting, "Come on!". 他在喊:“加油!”
Can you come to my party? 你能参加我的排队吗?

D , or you'll be late.
A. Come out(出版)   B. Come over(顺便拜访)
C. Come true(梦想成真/实现)   D. Come on(快点/加油)

I think it's in your grandparents' room.
名词所有格:

类型	例句	说明	释义
单数	My brother's pen.	弟弟是单数, 直接加 's, 表示弟弟的	弟弟的房间
复数	My parents' room.	parents是复数, 以s结尾, 直接加 ', 表示父母的	父母的房间
特殊复数	Children's day	Children是child的复数, 但不以s结尾, 所以加 's	儿童节
特殊复数	women's clothes	women是woman的复数, 但不以s结尾, 所以加 's	女士服装

I think she is a good teacher.
She thinks you are right.
She doesn't think you are right. 她认为你不对.

单词	展开	用处	后接动词
don't	do not	第1,2人称单/复数, 第3人称复数	后面跟动词原形
doesn't	does not	第3人称单数	后面跟动词原形

I'm tidy, but Gina is not.
tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ adj. 整洁的，有条理的 v. 使整洁，整理
I like kipping tidy.
She is a tidy girl.
Jim's room is untidy.

I tidy my room every day.

tidy up 收拾, 整理
Your room isn't clean. Please tidy it up. 你的房间不干净, 请收拾一下

I like playing football, but I am not good at it.
我喜欢踢足球, 但我不擅长.
His boos are on the desk, but mine aren't.
他的书在书桌上, 但我的没在.

She is very young bug very experienced.
她虽然年轻, 但经验丰富.
It is sunny but not very warm day.
这是一个晴朗但并不暖和的一天.

I like eggs, meat, and noodles.
I like reading books and running.
My father is a doctor, and my mother is a teacher.

Gina's books are everywhere —— on her bed, on the sofa and under the chair.
everywhere   adv. 处处, 到处   n. 每个地方
In spring, we can see flowers everywhere.
在春天, 我们到处都能看见画.
The toys are everywhere. 玩具到处都是.

Everywhere is silent. 万籁俱静
We shouldn't throw rubbish everywhere to protect the environment.

She always helps her brother.
always adv. 总是, 经常, 常常
The boy is always late for school.
be late for 迟到

in prep.在...里面, 在...内
The fish in the glass.
It's in your schoolbag.
in Luoyang 在洛阳
in English 用英语

on prep.在...上面(两者之间有接触)
The cat is on the chair.
on the wall 在墙上
on the floor 在地板上, 在地上
Where are my books? They're on the sofa.

The cat is under the chair. 猫在椅子下面
under prep.在...下面

Where's your mother, Gina?
She's sleeping A the bedroom(卧室).
A. in   B. of
C. to   D. from
解析: 在卧室里面睡觉, 所以选in.

Look at the wall. There are some pictures B it.
A. in   B. on
C. to   D. at

Mum, where are my shoes?
There are D your bed.
A. to   B. at
C. of   D. under

He lay awake in his bed. 他醒着躺在床上。
注意: 躺床上是陷进床里, 所以用in...

Do you have a soccer ball? 你有一个(英式)足球吗?

1.let's do sth 让我们做某事 = let us do sth, us是we的宾格形式
Hey, Helen, let's go!

Let's go to the park. 我们一起去公园吧.
Ok. / All right. / Sorry, I can't.

2.let sb do sth 让某人做某事, 替换掉上方的us, sb是宾格形式
Let her do it. 让她做这件事吧.
Let me help you. 让我帮助你吧.

(2021 . 北京中考)
Let's C for a walk, shall we? (go for a walk 散步)
A. to go   B.going
C.go   D.gone

be late for 迟到
late /leɪt/ adj. 晚的，迟的；晚期的，末期的；近日暮的，近深夜的；已故的；不久前的，最近的
      adv. 晚，迟；（时间上）接近终了，在晚年；临近日暮，接近午夜；（时间上）接近终了，临近末了，在晚年
Are you always late for school? late作形容词
Don't be late for the metting. late作形容词
get up late 起床晚. late作副词
go to bed late 上床睡觉晚. late作副词

early /ˈɜːli/ adj. 早期的，初期的；提早的，提前的；早开花的，早熟的
      adv. 在早期，在初期；提早，提前
an early bus 一辆早班车
She is early today. 她今天到的很早.

(2015 . 成都中考)
Don't be late A class.
We must be on time.
A. for   B.to   C.in

get v.去取, 得到, 变得, 到达
Let me get it.
I get a red pen.
Can you get an apple for me? 你能给我拿一个苹果吗?

Autumn comes and the leaves get yellow. 秋天来了, 树叶变黄了.

How can I get to the library? 我要怎么到达图书馆呢?
I get to school at about 7:30 am, and I get home at 5:00 pm.
home 这儿作副词, 所以前面不加介词to

play V.玩耍, 参加(比赛或运动)
注意: play后接"球类"or"棋牌类"名词时, 名词前"不加"冠词(比如the)
Well, let's play basketball.
Kate often plays in the garden.
Let's play vollyball. 我们一起去打排球吧.
My sister likes playing ping-pong.
Let's play chess. 我们玩国际象棋吧.
Let's play cards. 我们玩纸牌吧.

注意: play后接"乐器"名词时, 名词前"要加"定冠词the
play the guitar. 弹吉他, 六弦琴
play the violin. 拉小提琴
play the piano. 弹钢琴
play the erhu. 拉二胡(中国乐器也要加the,人教版上有the)

sound, look, smell, taste, feel表示感官的时候是系动词, 后方跟形容词
sound n. 声音，声响   v. （使）发声，（使）作响, 听起来
That sounds good. 那听起来很好.
That sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣.
His idea sounds great.
Light travels much faster than sound. 光比声音传播的快.

look n. 看；寻找，搜索   v. 看, 寻找, 看起来
smell n. 气味；臭味；嗅觉；嗅，闻   v. 有……气味，发出......的气味；闻出，闻到
taste /teɪst/ n. 味道，滋味；味觉；爱好，兴趣   v. 尝起来；尝出……的味道；尝，品尝
feel /fiːl/ n. 感觉，气氛；触觉，手感；触摸   v. 感受到，体会到；觉得

(2015 . 江苏盐城中考)
TFBOYS' songs A sweet and many of us like listening to then.
A.sound   B.feel
C.taste   D.look

interestingv. 使感兴趣，引起……的关注 adj.有趣的, 令人感兴趣的(通常修饰物)
interestedv. 使感兴趣，引起……的关注 adj.感兴趣的，关心的(通常修饰人)
be interested in 对...感兴趣

I'm interested in the interesting book. 我对这本有趣的书很感兴趣.
This is an interesting story.
This film is very interesting.

(2015 . 广东中考)
Do you like B movie Big Hero 6?
Yes, it is B interesting film.
A.a; an   B.the; an
C.a; the   D.the; a

boring
adj. 令人厌烦的；乏味的，无趣的，无聊的(通常修饰物)
n. 钻孔，扩洞；钻成的孔，扩大的洞
v. 使厌烦；钻；盯着看（bore 的现在分词形式）
bored
adj. (感到)无聊的，(感到)厌倦的；(通常修饰人)
v. 使厌烦；钻；盯着看（bore 的过去式和过去分词形式）

It is a boring game.它是一个无聊的游戏.
I'm bored with the boring book. 我对这本无聊的书感到厌烦.

(浙江衢州中考)
how do you like 你认为...怎么样
How do you like your new job, Sam?
It's so A . I don't like it at all.
A.boring   B.interesting
C.exciting   D.relaxing

relaxing
adj. 令人轻松的，愉快的(通常修饰物)
v. 放松，休息；宽慰，（使）放心；放宽（限制等）（relax 的现在分词
relaxed
adj. (感到)放松的，轻松的；（肌肉或其他身体部位）放松的；（衣服）宽松的，肥大的(通常修饰人)
v. 休息，（使）放松；放心，镇定；松开，（使）松弛（relax 的过去式和过去分词）

This film is very relaxing.
She is relaxed after listening to music.

(2013 . 温州中考)
It's C to listen to light music when you feel tired.
A.dangerous   B.scary(a.害怕的)
C.relaxing   D.difficult

difficult adj. 困难的，费力的；不友好的，难对付的
I think math is very difficult. 我认为数学很难.

(2015 . 泰安中考)
getting along with 和...相处愉快
How are you getting along with your English study?
Much butter. I don't feel it as C as before.
A.interesting   B.much
C.difficult   D.easy

I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does.
这儿的 does 替代了"has a soccer ball"

She dosn't have a pen, but I do. 他没有一支钢笔, 但我有.
这儿的 do 替代了"have a pen"

I like ice cream, but my brother never does.
这儿的 does 替代了"likes ice cream"

Who always watches TV?
My brother does.
这儿的 does 替代了"always watches TV"

Do you like ice cream?
Yes, I do.
这儿的 do 替代了"like ice cream"


at school 在学校(不要用in/on, 要用at)
at home 在家
We play it at school with our friends.

I go to school with my sister. 我和妹妹一起去上学.
Can you go shopping with me?
go shopping 去购物

She is a girl with two big eyes. 她是一个 有着 2只大眼睛的女生.
Cut the apple with the knife. 用这把刀切水果.

(2014 . 济宁中考题)
Meimei is a beautiful girl D big eyes and dark hair.
A.in   B.on
C.at   D.with

It't easy for me.
I think English is very easy.
English is an easy subject. 英语是一门简单的学科.

It's + adj. + for sb.
It's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.
It's easy for me to play basketball.
↑ It 指代: 'to play basketball', 即: 'To play basketball' is easy for me.

(2014 . 安徽中考)
guest /ɡest/ n. 客人；特邀嘉宾，客串演员；顾客，房客；寄居昆虫 v. 做特邀嘉宾，客串
be good at 擅长...
It is B for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.
A.bad   B.easy
C.had   D.right

have v.有, 拥有
Do you have a ping-pong bat? 你又一个乒乓球拍吗?
Yes, I do.

Does Jane have a tennis ball? Jane是否有一个网球?
No, she does't.

1.肯定句: 第三人称(并且这个人/物是)单数(三单)主语用has
I have a pencil. 我有一只铅笔.
She has a pen. She是三单, 所以用has
My grandfather has many chickens. 我的爷爷养了许多小鸡.我的爷爷是第3人称, 并且是一个人(单数)
I don't have a pencil.
Does she have a pen? 一般疑问句,

I have an eraser.
My brother has a Chinese friend.

2.否定句: 主语 + don't/doesn't + have + 其它
I don't have an erasor.
My brother doesn't have a Chinese friend. 注意: 这儿是have!!

3.一般疑问句: Do/Does + 主语 + have + 其它?
Do you have a pen?   Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
Does he have a tennis ball?   Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.

D he have a clock?
No, he D . He has a watch.
A.Does; don't   B.Do; doesn't
C.Do; don't   D.Does; doesn't

I D two baseballs and my friend D five baseballs.
A.have; have   B.has; has
C.has; have   D.have; has

tomato n.番茄, 西红柿
There are two tomatoes on the table.

下面几个以o结尾的词, 词尾加 -es
单数	复数	词意
negro	negroes	黑人
hero	heroes	英雄
mango /ˈmæŋɡəʊ/	mangoes	芒果, 芒果树
potato	potatoes	土豆
tomato	tomatoes	番茄, 西红柿

黑人英雄, 爱吃芒果、土豆、西红柿

(2015 . 黑龙江哈尔滨中考)
Health is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as A to keep healthy.
A.tomatoes and potatoes   B.tomatos and potatos
C.tomatos and potatoes


milk n.牛奶 v.挤奶
a cup/glass of milk 一杯牛奶
I'd like a glass of milk. 我想喝一杯牛奶.
She often helps her father milk the cow. 她经常帮她爸爸挤牛奶.

(2014 . 广西来宾中考)
There are some C and C in the fridge.
A.tomatos; milk   B.tomatos; milks
C.tomatoes; milk   B.tomatoes; milks

think about 思考, 思索
Let's think about the food.
I'm thinking about the plan.
Let me think about it.
She is thinking about going to Dalian.

food and drink 饮食
Dave likes Chinese food very much.
There is some food on the table.
food 表示特定食品时, 为可数名词
sea foods 海产品
frozen foods 冷冻食品

(2012 . 济南中考)
in good health 健康状况良好
exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ n.v.运动, 锻炼
Tom is good health, because he often exercises and eats a lot of healthy A .
A.food   B.water
C.pear   B.carrot
分析: drink water, 所以排除B. a lot of许多, C项是pear梨应该是pears. D项是carrot胡萝卜应该是carrots.


want to be 想要成为, 想要变得
I don't want to be fat.
My elder brother wants to be a teacher.

want sth. 想要某物
I want a new shirt. 我想要一件新短袖.

want to do sth. 想要做某事
She wants to eat an apple. 她想吃一个苹果.

want sb to do sth. 想要某人做某事
I want you to help me.
I want my mother to buy a new shirt.

(株洲中考)
Tony wants A a job as a language teacher in China.
A.to find   B.finding
C.find

chicken n. 鸡,小鸡；鸡肉(不可数名词)
I like rice and chicken. 我喜欢大米和鸡肉.
My grandfather has many chickens. 我的爷爷养了许多小鸡.

(2013 . 广东中考)
take it easy 放松, 别紧张, 别担心
Mum, I've heard that we can't eat A these days. It is true?
Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.
A.chicken   B.chickens
C.a chicken   B.the chicken
分析: chicken 是不可数名词, 所以排除B,C,D


So, let's get salad. 所以, 我们去吃沙拉吧。
So, let's meet next week. let's等于let us
It is raining, so I stay at home. 下雨了, 所以我们还是呆在家里吧.

(2012 . 绵阳中考)
tell me the truth 告诉我真相 Please tell me the truth, A I can decide how to help you next step.
A.so   B.of
C.but   B.for

well adj. 健康的；令人满意的 adv.好, 令人满意的
Sports Star Eats Well. 运动明星吃得好.
Li ming plays basketball very well.

We eat well.
She's very well. 她很好.(well这儿是adj, very是adv修饰well)

Ben's English is D , and he can play the piano D .
A.good; good   B.well; well
C.well; good   B.good; well

healthy adj. 健康的，健壮的
healthy food 健康食品
keep healthy 保持健康
I think it's healthy.
He is very healthy.

be bad for 对...有害
in good health 健康状况良好
Smoking is bad for health. 吸烟有害健康.
He is in good health. 他身体很好.
Eating healthy food is good for our health. 吃健康的食品对我们的身体是有益的.

Hamburgers are not C . We do not eat C .
A.health; they   B.healthy; they
C.healthy; them   B.health; them
分析: 第一个填adj, 第2个,eat是谓语动词,后面跟they的宾格形式them

What do you like for breakfast? 你早饭想吃啥呢?
What does she like for lunch? 她午饭想吃啥?
She likes bread for dinner. 她晚餐喜欢吃面包.
He likes rice and chicken for lunch.
I like noodles for dinner.

(湘西中考)
Mary often has eggs and bread B breakfast.
A.with   B.for
C.on

How about burgers, vegetable salad, and some fruit? 汉堡、蔬菜沙拉和一些水果怎么样?(fruit不可数,∴不加s)
fruit n.水果, 果实(不可数) (如果作'种类'来讲的时候,是可数名词)
How about going fishing? 钓鱼怎么样?
★: about是介词prep, 后方跟:

类型	例句
1.名词	at school. on duty. by hand. with pleasure.
2.代替名词的代词	Stand by him. 站在他身边. Few of them. 他们中的少数几个. Part of it. 其中一部分.
3.动词的名词形式	She is thinking about going to Dalian. How about going fishing? How/What about going to the park? How about going hiking?

How/What about going to the park? 去公园怎么样?
How/What about that red one?

提建议的句型:
Let's do ...
Shall we do ...?
Why not do ...?

Let's have some strawberries. 让我们吃些草莓吧.
Shall we buy some apples? 我们买一些苹果, 好吗?
Why not go to the zoom? 为什么我们不去动物园呢?

There is some fresh fruit on the table.桌子上有一些新鲜的水果.(fruit不可数,所以是is)
There are many kinds of fruits in the basket. 篮子里有很多种水果.
Bananas, apples and oranges are all fruits. 香蕉、苹果和橘子都是水果。

fruit and vegetables 水果和蔬菜(蔬菜是可数)

(2012 . 株洲中考)
Bananas, apples and oranges are all A .
A.fruits   B.vegetables
C.drinks

(贵州铜仁中考题)
It's a fine day today. How about C ?
Sounds great!
A.go hiking   B.go to hike
C.going hiking   B.to go to hike

I like oranges. orange可数
We like rice. rice不可数

an apple
two tomatoes

可数名词	单数	复数
1.一般情况, +s	desk tree boy	desks trees boys
2.以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词, +es	bus box watch dish	buses boxes watches dishes
3.以辅音字母 + y结尾的词, 将y→i, +es	strawberry family story boy	strawberries families stories boys
4.以f, fe结尾的词, 一般将f(fe)→v, +es	thief wife knife	thieves wives knives
5.以o结尾的词, +es 或 +s	1.有生命 +es negro hero mango potato tomato	negroes heroes mangoes potatoes tomatoes
	2.没生命 +s photo piano	photos pianos
6.可数名词复数形式的不规则变化	1.元音 man woman tooth foot	men women teeth feet
	2.无规律 child mouse	children mice
	3.单复同形 Chinese Sheep	Chinese Sheep

不可数名词, 表达确切的量的时候:
数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词
Two cups of milk.
Two bottles of water.

(2015 . 甘肃兰州中考)
I paid ¥10 for B this morning.
A.4 bottle milks   B.4 bottles of milk
C.4 bottles of milks   B.4 milk

(2014 . 广州中考)
beef n.牛肉(不可数) Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and A .
A.some rice   B.a few rice
C.a little rices   B.a rice

(湖南衡阳中考)
There are two C and three C on the table.
A.apple; banana   B.apples; banana
C.apples; bananas

How much...? ...有多少?(much修饰不可数)
How many...? ...有多少?(many修饰可数)
How much are these socks?

How much is this T-shirt?
It's seven dollars.

How much are these trousers? 这条裤子多少钱?
They're 30 dollars.

How much milk in there in the glass?
How much water do you drink every day?

How many people are there in your family?

(2012 . 北京中考)
D is the dictionary?
It's $22.95.
A.How old   B.How long
C.How thick   D.How much

Woman: Can I help you?
The woman is in green.
What are the women doing?

May I help you?
What can I do for you?
Is there anything I can do for you?

Yes, please. I want a pen.
No, thanks. Just have a look. / I'm just looking around.

(2012 . 昆明中考)
B ?
Yes, please. I want a sweater.
A.How much   B.Can I help you
C.Excuse me   D.What will you take(你将带走哪一件呢)

I need a sweater for school.
I need a hat. 我需要一个帽子.
She needs to buy a new bike. she是三单, 所以need+s
Does she need to buy a new bike? 一般疑问句 Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

need 作情态动词 需要
You need't worry about her.
Need I go there tomorrow? Yes, you must. / No, you need't. / No, you don't have to.

(2015 . 青岛中考)
You D return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.
A.have to(必须)   B.can't(不能)
C.mustn't(禁止,一定不要)   D.needn't(不必)

looks 看上去, 看起来
It looks nice. 看起来很漂亮.
Our teacher looks very happy.
The boy in red looks very handsome.

look like 看起来像
The moon looks like a plate.

look vi.看
Look. She is dancing.
Please look at the blackboard.

a pair of 一双, 一对
Two dollars for one pair and three dollars for two pairs.
a pair of socks 一双袜子
a pair of trousers 一条裤子
a pair of shoes 一双鞋子
a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
a pair of gloves 一双手套
a pair of scissors 一个剪刀
a pair of chopsticks /ˈtʃɒpstɪks/ 一双筷子

pair of修饰的名词作主语时, 谓语动词根据pair 而定.
This pair of shoes is 50 yuan.
How much are two pairs of socks?

My trousers D green.
But this pair of trousers D black.
A.is; is   B.are; are
C.is; are   D.are; is

(2014 . 汕尾中考)
How much A the pair of shoes?
Twenty dollars A enough.
A.is; is   B.is; are
C.are; is   D.are; are
解析: 20 dollars/yuan 要看作单数.

(山东滨州中考)
Can I help you?
I'd like D for my twin daughters.
A.two pair of shoes   B.two pairs of shoe
C.two pair of shoe   D.two pairs of shoes

Write it on your heart that every day is the best of the year. ——Emerson
铭记在心: 每一天都是一年中最好的日子. ——爱默生

Come and buy your clothes at our great sale! 快来买衣服吧, 促销中!
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物
I want to buy my sister a dress. 我想给我妹妹买条裙子(dress是长裙,连衣裙).
I want to buy a dress for my sister.

She has many new clothes.
Those clothes are very cheap. 那些衣服非常便宜.

clothes store 服装店
wash clothes 洗衣服

sale n. 出售，销售,特价销售(动词是sell)
★: at our great sale = on sale 促销中
★: for sale = 出售, 待售
The sweaters at that store are on sale. 在那家商店的毛衣正在促销中.
The house is for sale. 房子待售.

Tom's favorite clothes are (be) shirts.

(2015 . 威海中考)
你能给我买瓶水吗?
Can you buy me a bottle of water?
Can you buy a bottle of water for me?

We sell all our clothes at very good prices. 我们所有的衣服都以很实惠(便宜,合理,优惠)的价格出售。
The store sells all kinds of clothes.

★: sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 卖给某人某物
He sells Jenny a new book.
He sells a new book to Jenny.

price n.价格
the price of the sweater
the price of the shoes
What's the price of the shoes?
How much are the shoes? 同义句↑

price 一般与 high/low 连用, 不和 expensive/cheap 连用.
The price of the skirt is too high.
The skirt is too expensive.

(山东日照中考题)
The cost of food and clothing is going up nearly every day.
Yes, the price of vegetables is much B than before.
A.expensive   B.higher
C.high   D.cheaper
分析: the price... 价格应该是高/低, 排除A,D. than,所以选比较级B

1 one	2 two	3 three	4 four	5 five	6 six
7 seven	8 eight	9 nine	10 ten	11 eleven	12 twelve
13-19 +teen
13 thirteen	14 fourteen	15 fifteen	16 sixteen	17 seventeen	18 eighteen
19 nineteen
整十之后 +ty
20 twenty	30 thirty	40 forty	50 fifty	60 sixty	70 seventy
80 eighty	90 ninety
两位数: 十位-个位
21 twenty-one	32 thirty-two	55 fifty-five
三位数: 百位 and 十位-个位 百位 and 个位 (没有十位的情况)
165 one hundred and sexty-five	275 two hundred and seventy-five	303 three hundred and three

1. 修饰可数名词, 注意数的统一
one girl
two books
eleven apples

2. hundred, thousand 等词与具体的数字 one, two 等连用时, 表示确数.
five hundred people 500个人(people不可数名词, ∴不加s)
two shousand trees 2000棵树

3. hundred, thousand 等词与 of 连用时表示概数, 前面不能加数字
hundreds of people 数以百计的人
thousands of trees 数以千计的树

(2015 . 重庆中考)
Helen loves reading. She has red A books this month.
A.five   B.fifth [n.a.第五(的), 我分之一(的)]
C.five of   D.fifth of

When is your birthday, Linda? [TODO your不算第2人称, ∴用is?]
When does she go to school? She goes to school at 7:50. [后方有实义动词go, ∴用助动词does, does是do的三单. go是谓语动词]
When are you at home? I am at home on Sunday. [you第2人称, 后方没有动词, ∴不用助动词does, ∴用are, 谓语动词]

节日,月份,星期 首字母大写
Betty, A do you start celebrating New Year in America?
On December 31st.
A.When   B.Where
C.Why   D.How

How old are you? I'm twelve (years old).
How old is she? She is a twelve-year-old(加-,表形容词) girl.

What's your age?
How old is your sister? = What's your sister's age? ['s是'名词所有格']
[TODO your不算第2人称, ∴用is?]

Happy birthday to you! Thank you(谢谢你)./Thanks a lot(非常感谢).
I have a happy family.

Happy Teacher's Day. Thank you. 教师节快乐.
Happy New Year. The same to you. 新年快乐.
Merry Christmas. The same to you. 圣诞节快乐.

party n. 聚会，派对；政党，党派
Well, do you want to come to my birthday party?
birthday party 生日聚会
have a party 举行聚会
on the party 在聚会上
We'll have a party on Monday. 我们周一会举行一个聚会.
She wants to join the Party. 他想加入政党.
She wants to join the party. 他想加入聚会.

the Communist Party of China 中国共产党

busy adj. 繁忙的，忙碌的
This is a relly busy term! 这是一个非常忙的学期!

be busy with sth. 忙于某事
be busy (in)doing sth. 忙于做某事
I am busy with my homework. 我忙着做作业.
I am busy doing my homework.
My mother is busy with the housework. 我妈妈忙着做家务.
My mother is busy doing the housework.

Martin was so busy A the old that he gave up his part-time job.
A.helping   B.helped
C.to help   D.help
解析: was 过去式 + busy helping = 过去进行时.   the old老人   gave是give的过去式.   part-time job兼职工作

1.一般情况下: 基数词+th
four six ten	fourth 第4 sixth 第6 tenth 第10
2.整十位: y->ie + th
twenty thirty forty fifty eighty	twentieth 第20 thirtieth 第30 fortieth 第40 fiftieth 第50 eightieth 第80
3. ≥2位的基数词变序数词, 仅将: 个位数变成序数词
twenty-eight thirty-three ninety-one three hundred and forty-six	twenty-eighthieth 第28 thirty-thire 第33 ninety-first 第91 three hundred and forty-sixty 第346
4. 特殊变化 口诀: 一二三各不同, 8加h, 9去e, ve要用ft(h)
one two three eight nine five twelve	first 第1 second 第2 third 第3 eighth 第8 ninth 第9 fifth 第5 twelfth 第12

(1)序数词表示顺序, 常和定冠词"the", "'形容词'性物主代词", "'名词'所有格" 一起使用
I live on the second floor. 我住在2楼.
It's my third time to visit Beijing. 这是我第3次到北京.(my形容词性物主代词)

(2)表示编号
第一课: the first lession = Lession One
第二页: the second page = Page Two
第三部分: the third part = Part Three

序数词的缩写

first	second	third	forth
1st	2nd	3rd	4th

(2015 . 湖北黄冈中考)
How many people friends will come to your D birthday party?
About D .
A.fifteen; fifteen   B.fifteenth; fifteenth
C.fifteen; fifteenth   D.fifteenth; fifteen

favorite adj.最受喜爱的（等于favourite）
what's your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么?
It's my favorite movie.
Bananas are my favorite fruit.
Li Jian is my favotite singer. 李健是我最喜欢的歌手.
The Little Prince is my favorite novel. "小王子"是我最喜欢的小说.

subject n.学科, 科目
Chinese 语文
math 数学
history 历史(hi + story故事 = 历史)
geography /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/ 地理
chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ 化学
Physical Education (P.E.) 体育(physical a.身体的)

Why do you like P.E.?
Because it's fun.

Why are you late for school? 为何你上学迟到?(late不是动词, 在这儿是adj)
Because I got up late. 因为我起床晚了.

Why do you like cat? 你为何喜欢猫?(like是动词, ∴用do是助动词)
Because they are cute.

★ Because: 后方是完整的句子.
★ Because of: 后方 名词(n.), 动名词(-ing), 代词(pron)的时候
We did't go to Yunnan Because of the weather.

because 和 so 不能连用.
Because he is ill, he can't go to school.
He is ill, so he can't go to school.

free adj. 免费的；自由的；空闲的
     adv. 自由地；免费地
     v. 释放；使免于

Are you free this evening? 你今晚有空吗?
She is not free now. She is doing her homework. 没空
I have a free ticket to the museum. 我有一张免费的博物馆票.

used to be 过去常常
retired adj. 退休的，退役的；隐居的，退隐的 v. 退休，退役；退赛；撤退
exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ n. 运动，锻炼 v. 运动，锻炼
(2014 . 连云港中考)
Mr Black used to be busy. But now he's retired(退休) and C , so he has plenty of time to exercise.
A.hard   B.calm(/kɑːm/ adj. 镇静的，沉着的)
C.free   D.nervous(/ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 神经紧张的，担忧的)

finish v.完成, 做好 n.结尾,结局
finish doing sth. 做完...
My classes finish at 1:50, but after that I have an art lesson for two hours.
finish doing my homework 做完作业
finish reading a book 读完一本书

I wait for you for an hour.
It rains for two hours. 雨下了2个小时.

at lunchtime 午饭时间
Some small shops in Britain usually close for D hour at D lunchtime.
A.an; the   B.a; 不填
C.a; the   D.an; 不填

1.Alan has a pencil and the pencil is red.
2.This is his pen. Where is yours ?
3.The school sports day(校运会) is in October every year.
in 后面跟"月份, 季节, 年份"
on 后面跟"具体的某一天, 某一天的上午, 下午, 晚上"
at 后面跟"时间点"

4.My son likes tomatoes and chicken for breakfast every morning.
5.Look! This is Lucy and Lily's room.
5.Look! This are Lucy's and Lily's rooms.
6.Why does she like music? Because it's fun and relaxing.
7. B this pair of shoes yours? Yes, thank you.
A.Are   B.Is
C.Do   D.Does
分析: this pair of 这儿1双表单数, 所以排除A,C. "这双鞋"名词做主语, ∴选B

8.They like playing computer games. They think it is fun .
9. How old is your sister? She is twenty-one years old.

填空题
1.The sweater isn't mine. It is hers(she). 她的
2.He thinks art is very relaxing (relax).
3.My mother is really (real) busy today. 副词修饰形容词
4.I lost my watch. I must find (find) it. must是情态动词,后接动词原形
5.When is Women's (woman) Day? 妇女的复数women + 's, 节日大写W
6.I love fruit. I think it is very healthy (healty). healthy a.健康的
7.All the clothes in this store are at a great sale(sell).
8.This is my classrome. I am in the first(one) row.
9.We like apples and pears. We eat them(them) after lunch and supper.
10.Mary is a good girl. She often cleans the room after she finishes(finish) her homework. she三单, finish+es

1.When do you go to school on Tuesday? At 7:30.
分析: 天用on, 时刻用at
2.Tina is a very nice girl. She often helps others and her teachers love her very much.
3. Where is my notebook? It's in the drawer(抽屉).
4.We have some milk and eggs every morning.
5.Now, everybody, please turn to page five and look at the fifth picture.
6.His name is Mike Smith. Smith is his last name.
7.I finish doing my homework. I want to play computer games.
8.Does the bookstore sell math books? Yes. Do you want to buy one?
9.Let's go to watch a tennis match this evening. That's a good idea. 10.It's important for him to play the piano well because he want to be a pianist(钢琴家).
解析:
  It's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 这儿adj修饰 to do sth ↑
  It's + adj. + to sb. + to do sth. 这儿adj修饰 sb, 例:    It's kind of you to help me. 这儿kind修饰you

填空题
1.They have a basketball. (改为一般疑问句)
Do they have a basketball? 不要用has(三单),回答:Yes they do./No, they don't.

2.My favorite subject is history. (对划线部分提问)
What's your favorite subject?

3.His mother thinks his teachers are right. (变为否定句)
His mother doesn't think his thachers are right. (think:一般疑问句动词还原)

4.She likes music because it's interesting. (对划线部分提问)
Why does she like music? (为什么她喜欢音乐? like:一般疑问句动词还原)

5.Who teaches you Chinese? (改为同义句)
Who is your Chinese teacher?